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allowed to pass. No court dignitary, no Chamber-
lain or Master of Ceremonies was there in attend-
ance, but some privileged female servant (called
mama) had to convey his humble nazar to his
august master with his adab (respects). The
message was received, not by the child Nizam, but
by his grandmother, who acknowledged it by
sending to the Dewan her blessings in return.
On his departure the Dewan repeated the salaam
ceremony at each of the gates exactly as before
until he reached the main entrance on the road.
From there, having made his final salute to the
palace, he rode back in state as he had come.
" Modern scoffers may laugh at all this if
they like ; but would they venture to say that such
pompous ceremonial was out of place or out of time
then, as it would be now? When we take such
things out of their proper setting and criticise
them, we commit a sad anachronism in thought
and a solecism in taste.
" Personally I give great praise to Sir
Salar Jung for having in this manner taught
Hyderabad the honour and reverence due to the
Ruler who was a precious relic of the Moghal
supremacy in India—a king in miniature. What
I have related here I heard more than once from
the lips of the late Hakeem Shaf ai Khan, physician
to the Nizam. The young Nizam's education was
an object of much solicitude to the Government of
India, as may be seen from the following extract
rom a letter dated March, 1869 :